Differentiate between mass and inertia.

Hint: The two properties, mass and inertia of a body depend on each other, the concepts of mass, inertia and the relationship between mass and inertia are the fundamental concepts in the field of physics. Each of them causing changes to each other. Understanding how mass affects inertia also allows us to easily understand and predict the movement of other objects.

Complete step by step solution:
Let’s discuss the terms mass and inertia of a body in detail.
Mass is a property of an object that quantifies how much matter the object contains. Mass is an absolute quantity and is a measure of inertia. The mass of something depends on the amount and type of 'stuff' it's made of. Kick an empty can, and it's easy to get it moving because it's not massive. But fill the can with lead, and it's much harder to kick into motion because lead is massive.

When we discuss the inertia of a boy, we can understand that it is the tendency of a body to resist the change in the state of motion (either in rest or motion). Newton’s first law of motion states that, if a body is in a state of rest, it remains rest or if it is in a state motion, it remains in the state of motion unless and until it is acted upon by a force externally. If a body is in rotational motion, the inertia is known as the moment of inertia.

Note: An object’s tendency to resist changes in its state of motion changes with mass. Mass is the property that is solely dependent upon the inertia of a body. The more mass that an object has, the more will be the inertia. A heavier object has a much more tendency to resist changes in its state of motion. This is because the force of gravitation is acting on the object.