Define a system. What are open, closed and isolated systems? Give examples.

Hint: Thermodynamics is a branch of chemistry and physics which deals with work done, heat, temperature and internal energy. There are some terms which are defined to understand the thermodynamics such as system and surrounding and the types of systems. So, we will first define the system and then move on to the types of systems such as open, closed and isolated.

Complete answer:
We know that thermodynamics is a branch of chemistry and physics which deals with work done, heat, temperature and internal energy. We will now define the surrounding and system.
Systems and surroundings are the two parts of the universe.
System is defined as the part of the universe that is under study and has fixed boundaries. These boundaries can be real or imaginary.
Surrounding is referred to as the rest of the universe other than the system.
There are three types of systems such as: open, closed and isolated.
Open system- In this type of system, matter and energy can be transferred between the system and surroundings. For example- human body
Closed system- In this type of system, matter cannot be exchanged but energy can be transferred between the system and surroundings. Example- Hot water in a metal flask.
Isolated system- In this type of system, matter and energy both cannot be exchanged between system and surroundings. Example- Thermos flask.

Note:
There are two types of properties like intensive and extensive properties. Intensive properties are those which do not depend upon the mass of the substance such as temperature and density while extensive properties are those which depend upon the mass of substance such as number of moles, mass and volume.