How does photosynthesis work simply?

Hint: Photosynthesis comes from the Greek word fos (light), and synthesis ( combining). Photosynthesis is the process by which plants use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to create oxygen and energy in the form of sugar.

Complete answer:
Photosynthesis is the process of capturing light energy and transforming it into chemical energy. Green plants and organisms use light energy and convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose. Oxygen is the by-product of photosynthetic reactions.

Photosynthesis process is a step by step reaction process and maintains the balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the environment. Photosynthesis reaction is a complex process and occurs in green plants and prokaryotes, purple bacteria and sulfur bacteria.

Photosynthesis process occurs in plant cell organelle chloroplast. All the green plants have chloroplast , used to make photosynthesis. The chloroplast contains a green pigment called chlorophyll.

Plants are known as autotrophs , which make their own food by utilizing energy from sunlight and water. The plants can synthesize their own food called starch and glucose by photosynthesis process. The plants make their own by using water , sunlight, and gases present in the atmosphere. Photosynthesis process absorbs carbon dioxide and emits oxygen in the atmosphere.

Equation for photosynthesis:
$6CO_2 + 6H_2O \rightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2$

There are two types of photosynthesis:
i) Oxygenic photosynthesis: It is the process by which the plants absorb carbon dioxide and emit oxygen into the atmosphere.
ii) An oxygenic photosynthesis: It is the process that takes place in bacteria under anaerobic condition, in this process light energy is captured and converted to ATP, without the production of oxygen.

Note: Photosynthesis takes place in two ways : light dependent reaction and Non light dependent reaction. The photosynthesis process reduces the large quantities of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and Produces oxygen that sustains all life.