How do eukaryotic cells differ from bacteria and archaea?
Answer
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Hint: Organelles are classified into two categories based on the number of cells that are unicellular organisms that have simple body organization and multicellular organisms which have complex body organizations.
Complete answer:
Note: The concept that all organisms are classified into eukaryotes and prokaryotes is developed by scientists during the 1950s and plasma membrane and cytoplasm both are the basic features present in eukaryotes and prokaryotes.
Complete answer:
| EUKARYOTES | BACTERIA AND ARCHAEA |
| Eukaryotes are both unicellular and multicellular organisms | Bacteria and archaea that are prokaryotes are only unicellular organisms. |
| Cell wall is absent and is chemically simple | Cell walls are present and are chemically complex. |
| Linear arrangement of DNA is present and the nucleus is also present | The nucleus is absent and DNA is present in the circular arrangement. |
| The cytoplasm is present with the different types of organelles like mitochondria, lysosome, centrosome, endoplasmic reticulum | Cytoplasm is present but the organelles are not present in it. |
| Ribosomes are present in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes but in eukaryotes, they are of a large and linear shape | Ribosomes are small and spherical in shape. |
| Flagella are present in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes but in eukaryotes, they are present in a smaller size, | Flagella is larger in size. |
| Reproduce both sexually and asexually as cell division takes place mitotically | Reproduce asexually as cell division takes place through binary fission. |
Note: The concept that all organisms are classified into eukaryotes and prokaryotes is developed by scientists during the 1950s and plasma membrane and cytoplasm both are the basic features present in eukaryotes and prokaryotes.
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