How do ionic bonds dissolve in water?

Hint: Ionic bonds are the way two elements of the periodic table react with each other and form a compound. what happens in an ionic bond is that the two elements, one of them loses some electrons while some of them gains electrons.

Complete answer:
There is a law of solubility. Compounds having the same polarity are soluble in each other. What happens is that if there is a polar compound then it will be soluble in polar compound and if non polar then it will be soluble in non-polar solution.
Now water is a very highly polar compound because of the presence of highly electronegative element oxygen and highly electropositive element hydrogen. There is fairly high polarity on both the elements, one has partial negative charge while hydrogen has partial positive charge.
Now ionic bonds are formed when two elements lose and gain electrons from each other. When these ions dissociate in water, they have positive and negative charge reactively. When they dissociate in the solution of water then the negative partial charge present on oxygen surrounds the positive element of the ionic bonded compound and tries to stabilise it. The positive charge on the hydrogen in water tries to stabilise the negative ion of the ionic bonded compound. The negative and positive charge in water surrounds the ions and forms a stable cloud around it.
This helps the ionic bonds to easily dissolve in it.
The ionic bonds dissolve in water due to hydrating by the water molecules.

Note:
There are other types of bonds as well. Those types of bonds are called covalent bonds. Covalent bonds are formed by the sharing of electrons by the two elements in the compound. They don’t lose or gain electrons but share their electron clouds.