The relation between voltage sensitivity (${{\sigma }_{V}}$) and current sensitivity (${{\sigma }_{1}}$) of a moving coil galvanometer is (resistance of galvanometer if G)
$\begin{align}
& a)\dfrac{{{\sigma }_{1}}}{G}={{\sigma }_{V}} \\
& b)\dfrac{{{\sigma }_{V}}}{G}={{\sigma }_{1}} \\
& c)\dfrac{G}{{{\sigma }_{1}}}={{\sigma }_{V}} \\
& d)\dfrac{G}{{{\sigma }_{V}}}={{\sigma }_{1}} \\
\end{align}$
Answer
662.4k+ views
Hint: Current sensitivity is given as the deflection per unit current. Similarly voltage sensitivity is defined as deflection per unit volt. From the obtained equation current sensitivity and voltage sensitivity of a moving coil galvanometer, compare the equation and obtain a relation between the two quantities.
Complete solution:
First let us understand how a moving coil galvanometer works.
In the above diagram as shown a galvanometer consists of a coil placed in a radial magnetic field. When a current passes into the coil, it gets rotated due to the force by the magnetic field. Hence the coil experiences a torque equal to,
$\tau =NIAB\operatorname{Sin}\theta $ …… (1)
In the above equation N is the number of turns in the coil, A is the area of cross section I is the current through the galvanometer and $\theta $ is the angle between magnetic field and coil which is equal to 90 since the magnetic field is radial. Hence equation 1 can be written as $\tau =NIAB$
A scale is calibrated in such a manner that the rotation produces a deflection which shows the degree of current in the circuit.
A spring is attached to the coil which produces a restoring torque To bring the needle back to equilibrium. This restoring torque is given by,
${{\tau }_{S}}=k\phi $ …..(2), where k is the springs constant and $\phi $ is the angle of deflection.
At equilibrium,
$\tau ={{\tau }_{s}}$
Hence using equation 1 and two we get,
$k\phi =NIAB$
$\phi =\dfrac{NIAB}{k}$
As per the definition of current sensitivity and voltage sensitivity ,
Current sensitivity= ${{\sigma }_{1}}=\dfrac{\phi }{I}=\dfrac{NIAB}{kI}=\dfrac{NAB}{k}rad{{A}^{-1}}.........(3)$
Voltage sensitivity=${{\sigma }_{V}}=\dfrac{\phi }{V}=\dfrac{NIAB}{kIG}=\dfrac{NAB}{kG}rad{{V}^{-1}}..........(4)$ ,here G is the resistance of the galvanometer.
Using equation 3 and 4 let us compare ${{\sigma }_{V}}and{{\sigma }_{1}}$,
${{\sigma }_{1}}=\dfrac{NAB}{k}rad{{A}^{-1}}$ and ${{\sigma }_{V}}=\dfrac{NAB}{kG}rad{{V}^{-1}}$
If we observe the above equation the ${{\sigma }_{1}}$ can be substituted in equation of ${{\sigma }_{V}}$,
After substituting we get, $\dfrac{{{\sigma }_{1}}}{G}={{\sigma }_{V}}$
Hence, the correct answer is option A.
Note: Increasing current sensitivity does not necessarily mean voltage sensitivity also increases. Let us say we increase the current sensitivity by increasing the number of turns in the coil. But at the same time the voltage sensitivity gets decreased because the value of G increases as resistance is directly proportional to length.
Complete solution:
First let us understand how a moving coil galvanometer works.
In the above diagram as shown a galvanometer consists of a coil placed in a radial magnetic field. When a current passes into the coil, it gets rotated due to the force by the magnetic field. Hence the coil experiences a torque equal to,
$\tau =NIAB\operatorname{Sin}\theta $ …… (1)
In the above equation N is the number of turns in the coil, A is the area of cross section I is the current through the galvanometer and $\theta $ is the angle between magnetic field and coil which is equal to 90 since the magnetic field is radial. Hence equation 1 can be written as $\tau =NIAB$
A scale is calibrated in such a manner that the rotation produces a deflection which shows the degree of current in the circuit.
A spring is attached to the coil which produces a restoring torque To bring the needle back to equilibrium. This restoring torque is given by,
${{\tau }_{S}}=k\phi $ …..(2), where k is the springs constant and $\phi $ is the angle of deflection.
At equilibrium,
$\tau ={{\tau }_{s}}$
Hence using equation 1 and two we get,
$k\phi =NIAB$
$\phi =\dfrac{NIAB}{k}$
As per the definition of current sensitivity and voltage sensitivity ,
Current sensitivity= ${{\sigma }_{1}}=\dfrac{\phi }{I}=\dfrac{NIAB}{kI}=\dfrac{NAB}{k}rad{{A}^{-1}}.........(3)$
Voltage sensitivity=${{\sigma }_{V}}=\dfrac{\phi }{V}=\dfrac{NIAB}{kIG}=\dfrac{NAB}{kG}rad{{V}^{-1}}..........(4)$ ,here G is the resistance of the galvanometer.
Using equation 3 and 4 let us compare ${{\sigma }_{V}}and{{\sigma }_{1}}$,
${{\sigma }_{1}}=\dfrac{NAB}{k}rad{{A}^{-1}}$ and ${{\sigma }_{V}}=\dfrac{NAB}{kG}rad{{V}^{-1}}$
If we observe the above equation the ${{\sigma }_{1}}$ can be substituted in equation of ${{\sigma }_{V}}$,
After substituting we get, $\dfrac{{{\sigma }_{1}}}{G}={{\sigma }_{V}}$
Hence, the correct answer is option A.
Note: Increasing current sensitivity does not necessarily mean voltage sensitivity also increases. Let us say we increase the current sensitivity by increasing the number of turns in the coil. But at the same time the voltage sensitivity gets decreased because the value of G increases as resistance is directly proportional to length.
Recently Updated Pages
Which of the following graphs shows the variation of class 12 physics CBSE

Draw a labelled diagram of the human male reproductive class 12 biology CBSE

Describe the experiment to compare the emf of two cells class 12 physics CBSE

What is standard hydrogen electrode

What is conventional current and electric current class 12 physics CBSE

2Bromopentane is treated with an alcoholic KOH solution class 12 chemistry CBSE

Trending doubts
Draw a labelled sketch of the human eye class 12 physics CBSE

Which are the Top 10 Largest Countries of the World?

A member of Simon commission later became Prime Minister class 12 social science CBSE

Differentiate between homogeneous and heterogeneous class 12 chemistry CBSE

Draw ray diagrams each showing i myopic eye and ii class 12 physics CBSE

Which is the correct genotypic ratio of mendel dihybrid class 12 biology CBSE

