Which type of wave is used for sound ranging?

Hint:Sound ranging is the time lapse between the origin of the sound and its arrival at the place which is used to determine the distance between a point and the position of a sound source.

Complete step-by-step solution:
Ultrasonic waves are used for sound ranging. Ultrasonic wave is defined as “inaudible sound with high frequency for humans” the frequency of which generally exceeds 20 kHz.
The sounds that we are able to hear are called audible sounds. Their frequencies are in a range from about 20 Hz to 20 kHz. Whereas all other frequencies are inaudible to us .
Ultrasound refers to sound waves with frequencies greater than the highest audible limit of human hearing. The upper limit varies from person to person, but it is around 20,000 Hertz. Ultrasound has identical physical qualities as typical audible sound. Ultrasonic waves are used because they can travel deep into water without losing their power. Because their frequency ranges from 20Hz to 20,000Hz, they are audible. One of the applications of sound ranging is to find the depth of the sea and locate the position of an object underwater. Sound waves at frequencies greater than Hertz are known as hyper sound, or micro sound. It is extremely difficult for a sound wave to propagate successfully at such high frequencies; indeed, longitudinal waves cannot propagate at all above around hertz.

Note:Ultrasonic waves are the only waves that can be used for sound ranging. Do not confuse yourself with any other type, any other audible range of sounds can also not be used. It is because only waves in this frequency are capable of penetrating deep without losing power or energy.